Exosome spray helps with heart repair in rats after myocardial infarction
Despite the improvements made in modern surgical techniques, diagnostics and medications for myocardial infarction, many individuals still struggle with the long-term effects of tissue damage. Now, researchers have developed a minimally invasive exosome spray that helped repair rat hearts after myocardial infarction.
Despite the improvements made in modern surgical techniques, diagnostics and medications for myocardial infarction, many individuals still struggle with the long-term effects of tissue damage. Now, researchers have developed a minimally invasive exosome spray that helped repair rat hearts after myocardial infarction.
Stem cell therapy has been explored as an avenue to regrow tissue after a heart attack. However, introducing stem cells directly to the heart can be risky because they could trigger an immune response or grow uncontrollably, which can subsequently result in a tumor.
In this study, which has been published in ACS Nano, researchers tried injecting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes into the hearts of rats. MSC-derived exosomes have been established as an essential part of stem cell paracrine factors for heart regeneration, however, its regenerative power is hindered due to low delivery efficiency to the heart. To overcome this, the investigators designed, fabricated and tested a minimally invasive exosome spray based on MSC exosomes and biomaterials.
The team mixed exosomes from MSCs with fibrinogen, which they then added to a tiny, double-barreled syringe that contained a separate solution of another clotting protein called thrombin. When the solution was sprayed out of the syringe and onto a rat’s heart through a small chest incision, the liquids mixed and formed an exosome-containing gel that stuck to the heart. A mini endoscope, which was inserted through a second small incision, guided the spray needle.
Their results revealed that in rats that had recently had a heart attack, the exosome spray lasted longer, healed injuries better and boosted the expression of beneficial proteins more than heart-injected exosomes. In pigs, the spray caused less severe immune reactions and surgical stress than open-chest surgery.
According to the researchers, this exosome spray holds promise as a strategy to deliver therapeutic exosomes for heart repair.
Reference:https://www.regmednet.com/exosome-spray-helps-with-heart-repair-in-rats-after-myocardial-infarction/
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